DAY 1: Module 1-4

Pre-Course Test

Module1: Reservoir Characteristics, Exploration, and Recovery Methods

• Definition of Reservoir
• Reservoir Heterogeneities
• Reservoir Characteristics:
  • Porosity
  • Permeability
  • Relative Permeability
  • Saturation
  • Natural Fracturing
  • Pressures
  • Reservoir Pressure
  • Basic Pressure calculations
  • Pressure Differential
  • Well Temperature
  • Drilling Fluids
  • Completion Fluids

Module2: Well Completions

• Definition of well completion
• Well completion Classification
• X-mas Tree
• Wellhead
• Casings
• Liners
• Production Tubing String
• Packers
• Sub-Surface Control Systems (SC-SSSVs)
• Wellhead Control System
• Artificial lift completions (ESP, GL)
• Smart Completions
• Impact of well completion selection on future operations in the well

Module3: Introduction to Formation Damage

• What is meant by formation damage?
• Causes of Formation Damage
• Effect of Formation Damage on Well’s Productivity Index
• Formation Damage Indicator and Consequences
• Classification of Formation Damage Problem
• Diagnosis of Formation Damage
• Skin and impact on well productivity
• Best Practice to Avoid Formation Damage

Module4: Formation Damage Mechanisms

• Formation damage from drilling mud/processes
• Formation damage from perforations
• Formation damage from completion and workover fluid
• Formation damage from oil and gas production activities
• Formation damage from scales
• Formation damage from organic deposits
• Formation damage from Wettability changes
• Formation damage from Acid stimulation
• Formation damage from Injection (water injection, CO2
• injection, polymer flooding, steam flooding.
• Laboratory Techniques for Formation Damage Testing
  • Core flood test
  • Formation damage test
  • Screen plugging test
  • Sand retention test
  • Particle size distribution (PSD)
  • Rheological measurements
  • Compatibility tests / Emulsion stability
  • Solubility Tests

Case Study & Exercises
Formation damage magnitude and cost impact
Gas reservoir behaviors
Oil reservoir behavior
Sand control
Well productivity sudden decline and identifying proper
treatment requirements
Production profile slope change& how to use the data in
defining the problem
Utilizing a production history graph to detect the damage
How to use PBU/PFO tests to identify the skin factor as
indicator for the formation damage.
Partial penetration and slanted skin effect
Impact of perforation skin factor

DAY 2: Module 5-7

Quizzes & recap

Module5: Types of Acid Systems & Acid Formulations

• Stimulation Definition and Concept
• Types of Acid and Selection
• Factors Affecting Reaction Rates
• Selection of Treatment Type
• Real-time Monitoring of Matrix Acidizing Treatments
• Well Clean-up

Module6: Stimulation Techniques & Candidate Selection

• Stimulation Techniques
• Chemical Stimulation without Acid
• Types of Stimulation Systems, Process and Procedures
• Stimulation Candidates Selection
• Matrix Fluid Selection
• Matrix Acidizing Operations
• Matrix Acidizing Design & Examples
• Matrix Acidizing Process and Procedures
• Matrix Acidizing Treatment Execution
• Nitrified Acid & Foamed Acid operations

Module 7: Monitoring, Execution, Evaluation & Follow-Up

• Acid Fracturing
• Acid Corrosion Parameters
• Selection of Diversion Techniques
• Mechanical Diverting using Conventional Techniques
• Ball Sealers
• Viscous Fluid
• Another Diverting Method
• Potential Formation Damage Caused by Matrix Stimulation Fluid
• Stimulation Techniques and Objectives Summary

Case Study & Exercises
Pressure behavior during acid injection
Offset wells comparison
PBU tests compare Pre, During & Post-treatment
On-site evaluation of acid treatment effectiveness

DAY 3: Module 8-10

Quizzes & recap

Module8: Stimulation of Sandstone Reservoir

• Why stimulate the Sandstone reservoir?
• Sandstone reservoir description (mineralogy)
• Acid formulation and lab tests (acid response curve,
• compatibility test, return permeability test, etc.).
• How much overflush is required
• How to avoid fluoride precipitation in sandstone stimulation

Case Study
The technical concept of Sandstone stimulation

Module9: Stimulation of Carbonate Reservoir

• Why stimulate carbonate reservoir?
• Carbonate reservoir description (mineralogy)
• Acid formulation and lab tests (acid response curve, compatibility test, return permeability test, etc.).
• What is the big deal about wormholes?
• How to ensure the best acid coverage? Open hole? Cased hole?
• Acid placement in heterogeneous reservoir? Use of diverting agents
• How to ensure the best zonal coverage?
• Practical guidelines on how to select and evaluate acid treatment

Module10: Basics of Hydraulic Fracture Treatment, Design, and Quality Control

• Introduction to Hydraulic Fracturing
• Basic principles in fracturing
• Hydraulic Fracturing Fluids and Chemicals
• Frac height prediction
• Frac height design
• Frac pressure prediction
• Completion design for Frac well candidates
• Perforation strategy
• Fluid selection,
• Proppant selection
• Hydraulic Fracture Treatment Process
• Hydraulic Fracture Operations & Stages
• Rock Mechanics
• Main Fracture Treatment Design
• Hydraulic Fracturing Candidate Selection
  Case studies & Exercises
  General Field Description
  Well History
  Candidate selection
  Design, Execution, and Evaluation
  Conclusion

DAY 4: Module 11-13

Quizzes & recap

Module11: Multi-Stage Fracturing Technology

• Application in open hole horizontal well using swelling packer and stimulation sleeves.
• Application in cased hole vertical to deviated wells using composite plug technology
• Real-life field case history from planning, design, completion installation, stimulation to clean-up.
• Example from carbonate reservoir

Module12: Sand Control Completion Overview

• Sand production problem
• What are the consequences of sand production?
• Sand Detection
  • Sand monitoring
  • Measuring Sand production
• Sand Prediction and Monitoring
  • What causes sand production?
  • Types of sand failure
  • How to predict sand production in new wells
  • How to predict sand failure during well production
• Sand Control Completion
  • Selective perforation method
  • Cased hole gravel pack
  • Frack pack
  • Perforating for sand control
  • Frac pack completion: the success of a frac pack, frac pack limitations,
  • Frac pack fluids, frac pack installation, and treatment procedure.
  • Gravel pack / Frac pack evaluation
  • Sand Control field operations step.
    Case histories
    Analysis of sand production profile from well production history
    Identifying sand production spikes and possible reasons and prevention
    5 exercises

Module13: Production Problems

• Scales
  • Introduction to scale
  • Sources of scale deposition
  • Types of scales
  • Why scale forms?
  • Impact of scale on well productivity
  • Scale control and prevention
  • Scale treatments
• Paraffin /Wax
  • Consequences on flow assurance
  • Root cause of paraffin /wax problems
  • Preventive solutions
  • Wax removal
• Asphaltene
  • Where and why are they formed?
  • Asphaltene removal?
• Hydrates
  • Impact on productivity
  • Hydrate formation envelope
  • Hydrate prevention
    Case study & Exercises
    Tubing Plugging Cases (Partial, Complete)
    SrSo4 project
    Wireline Downhole Lost Tools
    4 exercises
    Hydrates common plug removal hazard
    Hydrates formation in offshore pipeline

DAY 5: Module 14-15

Module14: Excessive Water and Gas Shut-off

• Problem types
• Near wellbore flow
• Fissures to injectors
• Poor areal sweep
• High permeability layer with or without cross flow
• Gravity segregation layer
• Coning
• Diagnostics
• Data collection techniques
• Water/gas shut-off techniques

Case study& case history
Strategy for attacking excessive water production
Gas/water shutoff examples

Module15: Well Intervention Operations & Wellbore Treatment Operations

• Conventional:
  • Coiled Tubing Operations
    • Well kick-off operations
    • Stimulation
    • Scale Removal
    • Cement Squeeze
    • Fishing Operations
  • Well-killing & securing for well routine maintenance operations
  • Wireline (Slick, E-line)
  • Snubbing operations
  • Well Testing (PTS, MPFM)
• Non-Conventional:
  • Well Control
  • Emergency
• Impact of well completion and well intervention operations

Post Course Test

What is Wellbore Treatments training course objective?

• Understand the geological and basic reservoir properties
• Understand the formation damage concept and mechanism
• Understand and identify the nature and origin of formation damage and mechanism
• Understanding the effect of formation damage on revenue to the operator
• Understanding the impact of skin damage effect on productivity for both vertical and horizontal wells.
• Gain knowledge about various types of wellbore treatments to activate and remove formation damage.
• Understand acid/fracturing, Nitrified & Foamed acid as well as N2 kick-off operations design basics and procedures.
• Acquire knowledge on how to select the best fluid (less damaging) at every phase of the well development: drilling, completion, cementing, perforating, stimulation, gravel packing, workover, production, and injection operations
• Understand acid and frac procedures and phases/stages including acid displacement and backflow.
• Learn how to choose the adequate stimulation and fracturing and kick-off method techniques.
• Learn how to select the suitable candidate for each technique of the treatment operations.
• Understand the best practices and procedures to execute operations, backflow and stabilize wells post-operations.
• Learn how to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment operations and measure the improvement.